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22.28.010
OFF-STREET PARKING FACILITIES.
a.
For every use, activity, or structure permitted
by this Ordinance and for all buildings or structures
erected in accordance therewith, there shall be
provided sufficient space for access and off-street
standing, parking, circulation, unloading, and loading
of motor vehicles that may be expected to transport
its occupants, whether as patrons, residents, customers,
employees, guests, or otherwise, to an establishment,
activity, or place of residence at any time under
normal conditions for any purpose. When a use is
expanded, accessory off-street parking and loading
shall be provided in accordance with the regulations
herein for the area of capacity of such expansion
in combination with the previously existing uses,
structure, or activity. Existing off-street parking
facilities actually being used on the effective
date of this Ordinance, for the parking of automobiles
in connection with the operation of an existing
building or use shall not be reduced to an amount
less than that hereinafter required for a similar
new building or use unless additional parking facilities
of the same amount are provided by the methods described
herein.
b.
Single-Family Residential Zone Districts. Every
building intended for single- family residential
occupancy shall provide on the same lot with such
building, off-street parking facilities in the ratio
of two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit. No part
of the front open space shall be intended to provide
such off-street facilities.
c.
Non Residential Uses of Residential Buildings. In
any Zone District a residential building being used
for non residential purposes, except places of public
assembly as hereinafter provided, shall provide
in addition to the off-street parking space or spaces
for the dwelling units required under subsection
(b) hereof, off-street parking in the same amounts
set forth in Section 22.28.020, for that portion
of the floor area which is being utilized for nonresidential
purposes.
d.
Methods of Providing Parking Facilities. The required
off-street parking facilities for buildings used
for other than residential purposes may be provided
by any one, or any combination of the following
methods:
1.
By providing the required off-street parking on
the same lot as the building served.
2.
By providing the required off-street parking within
three hundred feet (300') of the building being
served, measured without crossing a major thoroughfare,
from the nearest point of the building or use to
the nearest point of the off-street parking facility.
3. By the collective provisions of the required
off-street parking for two (2) or more buildings
or uses, provided that the total of such off-street
parking area shall not be less than the sum of the
requirements of the various buildings or uses computed
separately and such parking areas are within three
hundred feet (300') feet of the buildings being
served, measured without crossing a major thoroughfare,
from the nearest point of the building or use to
the nearest point of the off-street parking facility.
e.
Uses Not Specifically Mentioned. For those uses
not specifically mentioned, the requirements for
off-street parking facilities shall be in accord
with a use which the Zoning Board of Appeals considers
as being most similar in nature.
f.
Change in Use of Parking. Any area once designated
as required off-street parking shall never be changed
to any other use unless and until off-street parking
facilities are provided elsewhere in accordance
with this Section.
g.
Zoning of Accessory Parking. All accessory parking
facilities, whether provided in fulfillment of or
in excess of the requirements of this Section, and
whether located on the same or on a different lot
from the principal use as provided herein, shall
be located on property zoned within the same, or
less a restrictive zoning district as the principal
use served by the parking.
h.
Joint Parking Facilities. Off-street parking space
for separate buildings or uses or mixed uses may
be provided and used collectively or jointly in
any zoning district in which separate off-street
parking facilities for each constituent use would
be permitted, subject to the following provisions:
1.
A written agreement assuring the continuing joint
usage of said common parking for the combination
of uses or buildings is properly drawn and executed
by the parties concerned, approved as to form and
execution by the Village Attorney and the Village
Council, and filed and made part of the application
for a building permit.
2.
All parking spaces are located within three hundred
(300) feet of the uses they are intended to serve
as measured by the most direct pedestrian access.
3.
The total number of available off-street parking
spaces provided collectively for all intended uses
shall equal or exceed the number required to be
provided if the parking spaces were considered separately
for each use.
4.
The Village Council may reduce the required total
number of spaces provided collectively by up to
fifty (50) percent upon making a determination that
the continuing parking demands of all uses to be
served do not overlap and do not create an off-street
parking deficiency at any time.
5.
Parking spaces which are provided to meet requirements
for churches, public schools, and private schools
may be collectively used to meet the off-street
parking requirements of related accessory uses provided
that the normal hours of operation of the accessory
uses do not overlap with the normal hours of operation
of the principal use and an agreement per SECTION
22.28.010(h) (1) is executed by all applicable parties.
{Ord. 252, 5-12-91}
i.
Mixed Uses. For building or land containing more
than one (1) use, the total parking requirement
shall be determined to be the sum of the requirements
for each use.
j.
Duty of Continuing Compliance. Upon any transfer
of the title to the real estate on which building
or buildings are located, the transferees and the
occupants shall have the continuing duty to maintain
the off-street parking requirements of this Ordinance.
It shall be unlawful for the owner or occupants
of any building to discontinue or change, or cause
the discontinuance or change of the required off-street
parking without establishing, prior to such discontinuance
or change, alternative off-street parking which
meets the requirements of and is in compliance with
this Ordinance.
22.28.020
OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS. The minimum
number of off-street parking spaces by use shall
be determined in accordance with the following schedule:
| Land
Use Category Standard |
Standard |
| a.
Residential |
Number
of Off-Street Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of
Measure |
| 1.
Single family dwellings |
Two
(2) per dwelling unit. |
| 2.
Multiple Family |
One
(1) per efficiency apartments.
Two
(2) per one and two bedroom dwelling units.
2
1/2 per three bedrooom dwelling unit.
Three
(3) per dwelling unit with four or more bedrooms.
|
| b.
Institutional |
|
| 1.
Churches, temples, community centers and places
of public assemly with fixed seating. |
One
(1) per three (3) seats or six feet (6') of
benches in the main unit of seating. |
| 2.
Dance halls, assembly halls, mechanical amusement
arcades and similar places of public assembly
not having fixed seating. |
One
(1) per each three (3) persons allowed within
a maximum occupancy as established by fire,
building or health code. |
| 3.
Theaters and auditoriums. |
One
(1) per each three (3) seats, plus one (1) additional
for each two (2) employees. |
| 4.
Child care centers, nursery schools |
One
space for each 20 students at the facility's
full capacity plus one space for each employee.
Additional
spaces will be required for facility owned
vehicles at one space per vehicle.
At
least three spaces must be designated as a
temporary drop off area and designed for safe
access to the building.
|
| 5.
Elementary and secondary schools |
One
space per classroom and other activity rooms
used by students plus one space for every employee
plus one space for every four students of driving
age. |
| 6.
Nursing homes, convalescent care housing and
similar institutional uses for care of the aged.
|
One
for each four beds plus one for each employee. |
| 7.
Hospitals |
Two
for each bed plus one per peak hour employee. |
| c.
Office Uses |
|
| 1.
General tenant offices, professional offices
of lawyers, architects, engineers, urban planners,
and similar professions. |
One
for each 250 sq. ft. of Gross Leasable Area
(4 per 1,000 sq. ft. GLA) |
| 2.
Banks and similar financial institutions. |
One
for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus
six stacking spaces for each drive-in transaction
window. |
| 3.
Professional offices of doctors, dentists and
similar professions, and medical and dental
clinics. |
One
for each 125 sq. ft. of gross floor area(8 per
1,000 sq. ft. GFA) |
| 4.
Service offices, such as those of a realtor,
insurance service center, and similar uses. |
One
for each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area(5 per
1,000 sq. ft.GFA) |
| d.
Retail Sales or Services |
|
| 1a.
Retail stores of 15,000 sq. ft.GFA or less,
except as otherwise specified herein. |
One
for 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area.(5 per 1,000
sq. ft, GFA) |
| 1b.
Retail stores over 15,000 sq. ft. GFA, except
as otherwise specified herein. |
One
space for each 250 sq. ft. gross leasable
area, but not less than 75 total spaces.
4.0
spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. GLA
|
| 1c.
Freestanding discount store over 75,000 sq.
ft. |
One
space for each 227 sq. ft. of gross floor
area
4.4
spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. GFA
|
| 2.
Planned commercial or retail shopping centers
having more than four (4) establishments. |
One
space for each 200 sq. ft. of gross leasable
area.
5.0
per 1,000 sq. ft. GLA
|
| 3.
Furniture or major appliances, household equipment,
personal service shops (other than barber and
beauty shops), repair shops, showroom of a plumber,
decorator, electrician or a similar trade, shoe
repair and other similar uses. |
One
for each 800 sq. ft. of usable floor area, exclusive
of that floor area used for processing for which
one additional space shall be provided for each
two persons employed therein. |
| 4.
Laundromats and self-service dry cleaning establishments. |
One
for each two machines. |
| 5.
Barber and beauty shops. |
One for each employee and/or service operator,
plus two for each service chair and one additional
for every two stationary hair dryers. |
| 6.
Bowling Alleys. |
Five
per alley plus such additional spaces as are
required for restaurants, bars, assembly rooms
and affiliated facilities. |
| 7.
Automobile service and filling stations. |
Two
for each service bay, and one for each 200 sq.
ft. of usable sales floor area; plus one for
every two employees with a minimum of two spaces. |
| 8.
Auto washes. |
One
for each employee. In addition, stacking spaces
equal in number to five times the maximum capacity
of the auto wash for automobiles awaiting entrance
to the auto wash shall be provided. "Maximum
capacity" shall mean the greatest number
possible of automobiles under-going some phase
of washing at the same time, which shall be
determined by dividing the length of each wash
line by 20 feet. |
| 9.
Mortuary establishments. |
One
for each 50 sq. ft. of assembly room, parlor
and slumber room usable floor area. |
| 10.
Public/Private Indoor recreation facilities,
athletic clubs, physical exercise establishments,
court recreation, health studios, sauna baths
and similar uses. |
One
per each three patrons based on maximum occupancy
as established by local, county or state fire,
building or health codes, whichever is greater,
plus one space per employee at peak shift; plus
such space as required for affiliated uses such
as but not limited to restaurants, bars, pro
shops, satellite therapy services, and the like. |
| 11.
Public/Private Outdoor recreation facilities
such as athletic, swimming, tennis, or similar
uses. |
One
per each potential patron plus one per peak
shift employee; plus such spaces as may be required
for affiliated uses such as but not limited
to restaurants, bars, pro shops, satellite therapy
services, and the like. |
| 12.
Restaurants: |
|
| 12a.
Dining room, including banquet areas. |
One
per 65 sq. ft. of usable floor area. |
| 12b.
Lounge. |
One
per 50 sq. ft. of usable floor area. That portion
of a larger dining facility utilized for lounge
shall be computed at this rate. |
| 12c.
Fast food restaurant. |
One per 30 sq. ft. of usable floor area. |
| 12d.
Carry-out restaurant. |
One
per 80 sq. ft. of usable floor area or ten spaces,
whichever is greater. |
| 12e.
Drive-in restaurant. |
One
per 30 sq. ft. of usable floor area plus ten
stacking spaces for each drive-in or drive-thru
transaction station. |
13. Unspecified commercial. |
One
for each 50 sq. ft. of usable floor area, or
such spaces as are required for the specified
use which is most similar in nature, as determined
by the Zoning Board of Appeals. |
| e.
Wholesale and Warehouses |
|
| 1.
Wholesale, storage and warehousing establishments.
|
Five
plus one for each employee in the peak working
shift or one for each 1700 sq. ft. of usable
floor area, whichever is greater. Any retail
or service area shall be addressed separately. |
{Ord.
299; 6-7-00}
22.28.030
OFF-STREET PARKING SPACE LAYOUT, STANDARDS,
CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE.
a.
No building, structure, or land shall be erected
or used for parking or driveway purposes of more
than three required parking spaces unless a site
plan has been approved by the Village Council.
b.
No parking lot shall be constructed without a permit
issued by the Building Official. Application for
a permit shall be submitted to the Building Department
in such form as may be determined by the department
and shall be accompanied by at least two sets of
site plans for the development of the parking lot
designed in accordance with this Section.
c.
The parking facilities shall not be less than the
following minimum requirements:
| Parking
Pattern |
Maneuvering
Lane Width |
Parking
Space Width |
Parking
Space Length |
Total
Width of One Tier of Spaces Plus Maneuvering
Lane |
Total
Width of Two Tiers of Spaces Plus Maneuvering
Lane |
| 0
degrees (parallel parking) |
12
ft. |
8
ft. |
20
ft. |
20
ft. |
28
ft. |
| 30
to 53 degrees |
12
ft. |
9
ft. |
19
ft. |
32
ft. |
52
ft. |
| 54
to 74 degrees |
15
ft. |
9
ft. |
19
ft. |
36
ft. |
57
ft. |
75
to 90 degrees
* |
20
ft. |
9
ft. |
19
ft.
|
39
ft. |
58
ft. |
*
End islands shall be two feet shorter than adjacent
parking spaces.
d.
Except for parallel parking, all parking spaces
shall be clearly striped with
four inch wide double lines, 23 inches apart, to
facilitate movement and to help maintain an orderly
parking arrangement.
e.
Parking Space Standards.
1. Except for parallel parking, all parking spaces
shall be nine feet in width, center to center, and
19 feet in length.
2.
Off-street parking reserved for the handicapped
shall be provided in accordance with the State of
Michigan Barrier-Free Rules, Michigan Public Act
No. 1 of 1966, as amended. {Ord. 280, 2-19-97}
Accessible
Parking Spaces Per Michigan Barrier Free Design
f.
Stacking spaces shall be a minimum of ten feet wide
and 20 feet in length, shall not extend into any
public street right-of-way and shall be distinctly
separated from on-site parking so as not to interfere
with ingress and egress to parking spaces.
g. Parallel parking spaces shall be 20 feet in length
with a six foot maneuvering space for each two parking
spaces.
h.
All parking lots shall have clearly limited and
defined access from roadways and said access shall
not be less than 24 feet in width at the right-of-way
line. Interior driveways shall also be clearly defined
and not less than 12 feet wide for one-way and 20
feet wide for two-way traffic.
i.
All parking spaces shall have access from an aisle
on the site. Backing directly onto a street shall
be prohibited.
j.
The Village Council may require the posting of such
traffic control signs as it deems necessary to promote
vehicular and pedestrian safety.
k.
Curbing shall be provided to prevent any vehicle
from damaging or encroaching upon any required wall,
berm, or buffer strips, upon any building adjacent
to the parking lot, or upon any adjacent property.
Freeway-type guard rails shall be prohibited. {Ord.
318, 9-7-04}
l.
All lighting used to illuminate any off-street parking
area shall comply with Section 22.08.440 for residential
uses in a Residential Zone District and Section
22.09.050 for nonresidential uses in a Residential
Zone District and ll development in the P-Parking,
O-Office, and B-Business Districts. {Ord. 318, 9-7-04}
m.
The off-street parking facilities in all non-single
family residential districts shall be provided with
asphalt or concrete surfacing in accordance with
the Village standards. Drainage of all off-street
parking facilities must be provided so as to collect
and dispose of surface water so that water will
not flow onto abutting properties or otherwise become
a nuisance or a health hazard.
n.
In order to insure pedestrian safety, sidewalks,
of not less than five feet in width, may be required
to separate any driveway or parking area from a
building.
o.
Sidewalks, not less than five feet in width, shall
be constructed along the right-of-way line of all
abutting streets.
p.
All interior circulation routes shall have rights-of-way
of a sufficient width to accommodate the vehicular
traffic generated by the uses permitted in the district
or adequate provision shall be made at the time
of the approval of the plan for such sufficient
width of rights-of-way. The right-of-way provided
to satisfy this condition shall conform to the requirements
of the Village, County, or State.
q.
Parking spaces adjacent to interior sidewalks may
have their length reduced up to two feet where adjacent
curbs do not exceed four inches in height and where
the adjoining sidewalk width is at least seven feet.
This standard does not include those sidewalks provided
along any public or private street.
r.
Parking areas for all uses that shall comply with
Section 22.09 SITE DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENTS shall
meet the parking lot screening requirements of Section
22.09.040 (g). {Ord. 299; 6-7-00} {Ord. 318, 9-7-04}
22.28.050
OFF-STREET LOADING AND UNLOADING. On the same
premises with every building, structure, or part
thereof, erected or occupied for storage, warehouse
goods, display, a department store, a wholesale
store, a market, a hotel, a hospital, a mortuary,
a laundry, a dry cleaning establishment, or other
such similar use involving the receipt or distribution
of vehicles or materials or merchandise, there shall
be provided and maintained on the lot adequate space
for standing, loading and unloading services adjacent
to the opening used for loading and unloading in
order to avoid undue interference with public use
of the streets or alleys.
All
such loading and unloading areas, including all
access drives, shall be paved and shall be in addition
to the required off-street parking area requirements.
Such loading and unloading space, unless otherwise
adequately provided for, shall be an area ten feet
(10') by forty feet (40') with a fourteen foot (14')
height clearance and shall be provided according
to the following table:
| Gross
Floor Area in Square Feet |
Loading
and Unloading Spaces
Required in Terms of Square
Feet of Usable Floor Space |
| 0
to 3,000 |
None |
| 3,001
to 20,000 |
One
(1) |
20,001 to 100,000 |
One
(1) plus one (1) for each over 20,000 square
feet |
| 100,001
or more |
Five
(5) plus one (1) for each 40,000 square feet
of excess over 100,000 square feet |
No
loading space may be on any street frontage and
provision for handling all freight shall be on those
sides of any building which do not face on any street
or proposed street, except where such areas are
obscured, from such street, with a solid masonry
wall not less than six feet (6') in height.
22.28.070
VEHICLE STORAGE, SALE AND REPAIR PROHIBITED. The
following is prohibited in all nonresidential off-street
parking areas:
a.
The storage of an inoperable or unlicensed motor
vehicle as defined in the State of Michigan Motor
Vehicle Code.
b.
The storage of any recreational vehicle as defined
in this ordinance.
c.
The sale or offering for sale of a motor vehicle
or recreational vehicle.
d.
The non-emergency repair or maintenance of any vehicle.
{Ord. 252, 5-12-91}
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W 13 Mile Road, Beverly Hills, MI 48025